Gas jet



`April 3Q, 119,129'. 1 .J.'A. SPENCER i 1,711,400

" y I GAS JET- A Filed ooit. 2:5', 1924 40" www.. )"w

Patented Apr. 3o, 1929.

UNITED STATES Pl'rarai'l OFFICE. I

JOHN A. SPENCER, 0F REVERE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SPENCER THERMO- STAT COMPANY, 0F CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA- GAS J ET.

Application filed October 23,A 1924. rSerial No. 745,411.

The use of g'as lights of the usual and wellknown type employing an unprotected flame in open-places which are. exposed to frequent draf .is particularly dangerous because the flame is often accidentally extinguished and the g-as lwhich .escapes thereafter frequently causes serious injury to life and property. This inventionI is concerned with safety devices for such lights and objects of the. invention are to-eliminate the 'above danger in the :ordinary use' of illuminating gas; and to provide a thermostatically controlled device operable automatically at different predetermined temperatures for controlling the flow of fluid from one place to another.

v The invention is shown by way of illustration in 4the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of a gas fixture embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the gas jet showing the thermostatic disk in cold position' Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the gas jet showing the thermostatic disk in heated position; and

disk.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention the ordinary gas lighting fixture A comprises a tube 1 suitably attached to a supply pipevin the wall or support 2 and th'e flow of 'gas to the tube 1 is controlled by 'the usual valve 3. Attached to the outer end of the tube 1 is a gas jet B through which gas passes to the tip 4 where it is'ignited.

Inaccordance with the invention the gas jet comprises a sheet metal casing 5 constructed in two sections, a substantially frusto-conieal upper section 6 the outer `end of which frictionally holds the tip 4, and the lower cup-shaped section 7, over which the section 6 is crimped or flanged securely to hold the sections together. Integral with the lower section 7 and extending outwardly therefromin axial alignment with the .tip 4 is .an internally threaded projection 8 which is threaded over the usual upstanding tube 4on the tube 1. Formed in the projection 8 is ansopening 9.'about which is a valve seat Fig. 4 is a plan viewv of the thermostaticl with which a valve 10 cooperatesj'to control` the flow of gas through the casing.

The valve v.10 is seated and unseated at different predetermined temperatures so that 1n the event of the flame being accidentally extinguished the flow to the tip 4'is automatically shut olf. Accordingly a thermostatic disk 11 having lapertures 12 through which gas passes when the valve is opened 1s supported at its periphery by a shoulder formed in the casing section 7, and is connected by a stem 13to the valve 10.

The disk 11 is preferably'bi-metallic, being formed of two component disks welded together, the materials such as iron and brass of the component disks having different coetlieients of expansion.' The disk 11 1s normally cupped (as by swaging) in such direction that the' component part having the higher coeiicient of expansion ison the concave side. lConsequently when thedisk is heated it tends to snap through to reverse position. The materials andvthicknesses of the component parts and thek degree of curvature are so chosen that the disk will snap through when heated to the desired temperature (e. g. 120 F.) and will snap back ata lower temperature (e. g.: 100 F.).l Suitable materials are sheet brass and nickel sheet having thicknesses of 005 and .005 inch respectively and suitable cupping for a disk (g3/1 inch in diameter is ".020 inch.

l It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of materials having different thermal coelcents of expansionbut is intended to embrace in its scope any combination of materials' having dissimilar thermal coeflicients of expansion suilicient to cause the characteristic `reversal f off* curvature. Furthermore, t-he two materials.- comprising the composite thermostatic sheet may be secured together in any desired manner by riveting,y soldering, brazing or otherwise although it is preferred to unite' the materials comprising the sheet by welding or similar niileans to secure a substantially indivisible s eet. From thine-foregoing it will be evident that in one aspect the invention involves 'a therof the components due to change of temperature, whereupon said stresses become effective to' change abruptly the relative position of said portions.

As shown in Fig. 2 the disk assumes an upwardly cupped shape in yits cold position, so that normally the valve l() is closed, but as soonas the temperature increases suflif ciently it abruptly snaps to the downwardly cupped position shown in Fig. 3 thereby to Open the valve. The change of shape in the disk is decidedly abrupt whether in one direction or the other, so that the valve is seated or unseated according to the temperature thereof to open and close the passage of gas through the casing. Such disk is'constructed in such (a manner that changes in shape occur with considerable force so that Vpositive opening and closing of the passage is insured and owing td its great inherent resiliency and rugged construction the disk will operate indefinitely in a reliable and efficient manner. vIt will be evident that the valvev 3 may be dispensed with entirely or if desired turned on at all times because the thermostatic disk 11 automatically shuts olf the gas when it is not required.

In order to open the valve 10 a lighted match or taper is held adjacent the casing section 7 in the vicinity of the disk 11 in order to raise the temperature of the latter sufficiently for it to snap"`downwardly (Fig. 3) which movement operates to unseat the valve thereby opening the passage of gas through the casing 5 and perforations 12 to y the tip 4 where it is lighted. After the gas `vent waste of rises to a predetermined degree when it is instantaneously opened. A vunique charac-v is ignited the heat from the flame maintains lthe valve open. Should the flame accidentallyl be extinguished or the supply of gas turned ofi by the valve 3, the thermostatic disk will be` cooled sufficiently to snap to its normal position (Fig. 2) and seat the valve 10. y

An outstanding4 characteristic of the invention consists in that the passage of fluidthrough a conduit is controlled.by a thermostatic device which is operable automatically at different predetermined temperatures to open and close the passage.' Preferably the passa e isl normally closed to pref uid until the temperature teristic: of the thermostatic device consists in Ythat it'snaps abruptly and forcibly to its hot position at a predetermined temperature and likewise snaps abruptly and forcibly'to its cold position at a lower predetermined temperature; and a gas jet having such a thermostatic device is comprehended in the present invention.

I claim:

1. A gas jet comprising a casing having a cylindrical passage with an outwardly flared wall portion, intermediate its ends, a thermostatic disk in said outwardly flared portion, said disk being perforated to permit the flow ofgas, and being operatively connected with a valve in the cylindrical passage to control the fiow of gas through the casing- 2. A gas jet comprisin a casing, a valve in said casing for contro ing the passage of gas therethrough, and a thermostatic disk within said casing connected to said valve and constructed abruptly to open the latter at a predetermed temperature and close atk a predetermined lower temperature.

3. A gas jet comprising a casing, a valve in said casing for controlling the passage of gas therethrough, and a perforated thermostatic member within said casing connected to said valve for opening and closing the latter at different predetermined temperatures. f

4. A gas jet comprising a casing, a valve for controlling the passage of gas therethrough, and a perforated thermostatic disk connected to said valve and constructed to open the latter at a predetermined temperature, the gas flowing through the perforated disk.

5. A gas jet comprising a casing, a valve in said casing for controlling the passage of gas therethrough, a perforated thermostatic disk arranged in said casing transversely to the axis thereof, and a connection. between said disk and valve, the disk being constructed to open and close said valve at different predetermined temperatures.

6. A gas jet comprising a casing, a valve in said casing for controlling the passage of gas therethrough, a perforated thermostatic disk arranged in said casing transversely to the axis thereof in advance of said valve,

and a connection` between said disk and valve, the disk being constructed normally to hold said valve in a closed position and,

td open said valve when the temperature of the former reaches a predetermined temperI ature.

7 An article of manufacture comprising a casing having a fluid passage theremined relatively high temperature and close to snap the valve into or out of its seat when the latter at a predetermined relatively low subjected to predetermined temperature temperature. changes, said disk being apertured to per- 10 8. In thermostatic control apparatus, 'the mit fluid to pass therethrough. "5 combination ofa casing having a valve seat, Signed by me at Cambridge, Massachua valve fitting said seat, and a disk thermosetts, this second day of October, 1924. stat in said casing constructed and arranged JOHN A. SPENCER. 

